在MVC 5中,如何在单个Ajax POST请求中发送ViewModel和文件？

我有一个ASP.NET MVC 5应用程序.我正在尝试发送带有Model数据的POST请求,并且还包括用户选择的文件.
这是我的viewmodel(为清楚起见已简化)：

public class Model
{
    public string Text { get; set; }
    public long Id { get; set; }
}

这是控制器动作：

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult UploadFile(long userId, Model model)
{
    foreach (string file in Request.Files)
    {
        // process files
    }

    return View("Index");
}

HTML输入元素：

<div>
    <input type="file" name="UploadFile" id="txtUploadFile" />
</div>

和JavaScript代码：

$('#txtUploadFile').on('change', function (e) {
    var data = new FormData();
    for (var x = 0; x < files.length; x++) {
        data.append("file" + x, files[x]);
    }
    data.append("userId", 1);
    data.append("model", JSON.stringify({ Text: 'test text', Id: 3 }));

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: '/Home/UploadFile',
        contentType: false,
        processData: false,
        data: data,
        success: function (result) { },
        error: function (xhr, status, p3, p4) { }
    });
});

问题是当请求到达控制器操作时,我已经填充了文件和“ userId”,但是“ model”参数始终为空.填充FormData对象时我做错什么了吗？

解决方法:

这是我与MVC5和IE11 / Chrome一起测试的内容

视图

<script>
    $(function () {
        $("#form1").submit(function () {
            /*You can also inject values to suitable named hidden fields*/
            /*You can also inject the whole hidden filed to form dynamically*/
            $('#name2').val(Date); 
            var formData = new FormData($(this)[0]);
            $.ajax({
                url: $(this).attr('action'),
                type: $(this).attr('method'),
                data: formData,
                async: false,
                success: function (data) {
                    alert(data)
                },
                error: function(){
                    alert('error');
                },
                cache: false,
                contentType: false,
                processData: false
            });
            return false;
        });
    });
</script>

<form id="form1" action="/Home/Index" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="text" id="name1" name="name1" value="value1" />
    <input type="hidden" id ="name2" name="name2" value="" />
    <input name="file1" type="file" />
    <input type="submit" value="Sublit" />
</form>

控制者

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult Index(HttpPostedFileBase file1, string name1, string name2)
    {
        var result = new List<string>();
        if (file1 != null)
            result.Add(string.Format("{0}: {1} bytes", file1.FileName, file1.ContentLength));
        else
            result.Add("No file");
        result.Add(string.Format("name1: {0}", name1));
        result.Add(string.Format("name2: {0}", name2));
        return Content(string.Join(" - ", result.ToArray()));
    }
}

感谢Silver89的answer