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javascript – 如何防止整数onreadystatechange的更改

我的Ajax有问题.目前,我有5对元素:下拉列表(span标签)和下拉列表的内容(ul标签).在span标签上是一个事件监听器,用于onclick,如果单击则显示下拉列表,当在其他位置单击时,下拉列表将消失.使用硬编码的li,下拉列表工作正常.但是,我尝试使用ajax动态生成< li>来填充< ul> s.但是,Ajax行为不端.

在span上我还有另一个onchange事件监听器,它调用js函数calloptions();这是我的Ajax.我想要实现的是,如果您选择一个选项,其他下拉菜单中的选项会根据您选择的内容而更改.我所具有的功能是onchange,从下拉0循环到下拉列表5,根据所有选择的值来改变< li>.

但是,当我调试时,在第一个循环中readyState到达[4]时,我的值[k]变为5?我不确定循环1上[k]值的增加是由于onreadystatechange还是其他我完全不知道的东西.因此,这导致函数无法覆盖< ul>值,因为它正在查找span [5],而只有5个,然后打印无法读取未定义的属性’parentElement'(… )

HTML

    <div id="filters">
        <div class="i_drop col column-2">
            <span class="i_drop_select"></span>
            <img class="i_drop_select_function drop" src="./assets/drop_input.png">
            <ul class="i_drop_content"></ul>
        </div>
        <div class="i_drop col column-2">
            <span class="i_drop_select"></span>
            <img class="i_drop_select_function drop" src="./assets/drop_input.png">
            <ul class="i_drop_content"></ul>
        </div>
        <div class="i_drop col column-2">
            <span class="i_drop_select"></span>
            <img class="i_drop_select_function drop" src="./assets/drop_input.png">
            <ul class="i_drop_content"></ul>
        </div>
        <div class="i_drop col column-2">
            <span class="i_drop_select"></span>
            <img class="i_drop_select_function drop" src="./assets/drop_input.png">
            <ul class="i_drop_content"></ul>
        </div>
        <div class="i_drop col column-2">
            <span class="i_drop_select"></span>
            <img class="i_drop_select_function drop" src="./assets/drop_input.png">
            <ul class="i_drop_content"></ul>
        </div>
    </div>

AJAX

function calloptions() { 
var toselect = ["class", "topic", "subtopic", "year", "marks"];
for (var k = 0; k < toselect.length; k++) {

    var filters = document.getElementById("filters"); 
    var span = filters.getElementsByTagName("span");
    var execute = "select";
    var myclass= span[0].innerHTML;
    var topic =span[1].innerHTML;
    var subtopic = span[2].innerHTML;
    var year = span[3].innerHTML;
    var marks =span[4].innerHTML;

    makeRequest('test.PHP', toselect[k],  myclass, topic, subtopic, year, marks, execute); 

    function makeRequest(url, select, myclass, topic, subtopic, year, marks, execute) {

    httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();

    if (!httpRequest) {
            alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance');
            return false;
    }

    httpRequest.open('POST', url);
    httpRequest.onreadystatechange = alertContents;
    httpRequest.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'); 
    httpRequest.send("function="+ execute+ "&toselect="+ select+ "&class=" + encodeURIComponent(myclass) + "&topic=" + encodeURIComponent(topic) + "&subtopic=" + encodeURIComponent(subtopic) + "&year=" + encodeURIComponent(year) + "&marks=" + encodeURIComponent(marks));
    }

    function alertContents() {
        if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
            var response = this.responseText;
            var container = span[k].parentElement || span[k].parentNode ;
            var ul =container.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
            ul.innerHTML = response;
        }
    }
}
}

PHP

if(!empty($_POST['function']) && !empty($_POST['toselect']))
{
    $toselect = $_POST['toselect'];
    $_POST['function']($toselect);

}

function select($toselect) {
    global $link;

    $variables = "";

    $select_options = array("class", "topic", "subtopic", "year", "marks");     

    $unset_options= array(); $set_options= array(); $set_values= array();

    for ($i=0; $i < count($select_options) ; $i++) { 
        if(isset($_POST[$select_options[$i]]) && $_POST[$select_options[$i]] != ''){
            array_push($set_options, $select_options[$i]);
        } else {
            array_push($unset_options, $select_options[$i]);
        }
    }

    for ($i=0; $i < count($set_options) ; $i++) { 
        array_push($set_values, $_POST{$set_options[$i]});
    }

    for ($i=0; $i < count($unset_options); $i++) { 
        $key = array_search ( $unset_options ,  $select_options);

        unset($select_options[$key]);
    }

    $select_options = array_values($select_options);

    for ($i=0; $i < count($set_options) ; $i++) { 
        if ($i<1) {
            $variables .= " $set_options[$i]='$set_values[$i]'";
        } else {
            $variables .= " AND $set_options[$i]='$set_values[$i]'";
        }
    }

    if ($variables != "") {
        $variables = "WHERE" . $variables;
    }

    $sql="SELECT disTINCT $toselect FROM `questions` $variables";

    $result=MysqLi_query($link, $sql);

    $test_array = array();

    $i = 0;

    while ($row =MysqLi_fetch_array($result)) {
        $test_array[$i] = "<li>$row[0]</li>";
        $i++;
    }

    $test_array = implode("", $test_array);

    echo $test_array;       
}

我在httpRequest.send()上打印了提交给PHP文件的参数,并在文件中将它们作为$_GET运行,它可以工作,所以我知道这不是PHP的问题,而是我的Ajax失败.

我希望获得任何更简单的算法/方法的帮助,以实现预期的目标,但我会更加欣赏,帮助消除我目前的错误.我是Ajax和javascript的新手,因此,也会非常欣赏一点.谢谢!

解决方法:

目前,我还没有找到导致我“过度增加”[k]值的原因,但是从实验中分离for循环和Ajax工作.像这样:

function externalFunction() {

    var toselect = ["class", "topic", "subtopic", "year", "marks"];
    for (var i = 0; i < toselect.length; i++) {
        calloptions(i, toselect[i]);
    }
}


function calloptions(x, toselect) { 

    var form = document.getElementById("filters"); 
    var span = form.getElementsByTagName("span");
    var execute = "select";
    var myclass= span[0].innerHTML;
    var topic =span[1].innerHTML;
    var subtopic = span[2].innerHTML;
    var year = span[3].innerHTML;
    var marks =span[4].innerHTML;

    makeRequest('test.PHP', toselect,  myclass, topic, subtopic, year, marks, execute); 

    function makeRequest(url, toselect, myclass, topic, subtopic, year, marks, execute) {

        httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();

        if (!httpRequest) {
            alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance');
            return false;
        }

        httpRequest.onreadystatechange = alertContents;
        httpRequest.open('POST', url);
        httpRequest.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'); 
        httpRequest.send("function="+ execute+ "&toselect="+ toselect+ "&class=" + encodeURIComponent(myclass) + "&topic=" + encodeURIComponent(topic) + "&subtopic=" + encodeURIComponent(subtopic) + "&year=" + encodeURIComponent(year) + "&marks=" + encodeURIComponent(marks));
}

    function alertContents() {
        if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
            var response = this.responseText;
            var container = span[x].parentElement || span[x].parentNode ;
            var ul =container.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
            ul.innerHTML = response;
    }
}

搜索仍然没有结束,仍然试图弄清楚…

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