Ansible playbooks任务、角色、模板、变色器、

 

 

 

playbooks配置文件：

 

[root@ansible ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts

[test01]
192.168.200.114

[test02]
192.168.200.115

[root@ansible ~]# vim /etc/ansible/test.yaml


---
- hosts: test01
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: adduser
      user: name=user2 state=present
      tage:
        - testaaa
    - name: addgroup
      group: name=root system=yes
      tags:
        - testbbb
- hosts: test02
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: xxx
      copy: src=/etc/passwd dest=/home
      tags:
        - testccc

用法：

      playbook文件定义的任务需要通过nasible-playbook命令调用并执行，ansible-playbook命令用法如下：

用法：ansible-playbook[option]/PATH/TO/PLAYBOOK.yaml

实验案例：

1：语法检查：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook --Syntax-check /etc/ansible/test.yml

playbook: /etc/ansible/test.yml

2：预测试：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook -C /etc/ansible/test.yml 

PLAY [test01] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [adduser] **************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [addgroup] *************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

PLAY [test02] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.115]

TASK [xxx] ******************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.200.115]

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.114            : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    Failed=0   
192.168.200.115            : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    Failed=0   

3：列出主机：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook --list-hosts /etc/ansible/test.yml 

playbook: /etc/ansible/test.yml

  play #1 (test01): test01    TAGS: []
    pattern: [u'test01']
    hosts (1):
      192.168.200.114

  play #2 (test02): test02    TAGS: []
    pattern: [u'test02']
    hosts (1):
      192.168.200.115

4：列出任务：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook --list-tasks /etc/ansible/test.yml 

playbook: /etc/ansible/test.yml

  play #1 (test01): test01    TAGS: []
    tasks:
      adduser    TAGS: [testaaa]
      addgroup    TAGS: [testbbb]

  play #2 (test02): test02    TAGS: []
    tasks:
      xxx    TAGS: [testccc]

5：列出标签：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook --list-tags /etc/ansible/test.yml 

playbook: /etc/ansible/test.yml

  play #1 (test01): test01    TAGS: []
      TASK TAGS: [testaaa, testbbb]

  play #2 (test02): test02    TAGS: []
      TASK TAGS: [testccc]

6：执行任务：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/test.yml 

PLAY [test01] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [adduser] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [addgroup] *************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

PLAY [test02] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.115]

TASK [xxx] ******************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.115]

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.114            : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    Failed=0   
192.168.200.115            : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    Failed=0   

7：测试查看：

[root@ansible ~]# ansible test01 -m shell -a "tail -l /etc/passwd"
192.168.200.114 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
user2:x:1001:1001::/home/user2:/bin/bash

[root@ansible ~]# ansible test02 -m command -a "ls -l /home"
192.168.200.115 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
总用量 4
drwx------. 3 crushlinx crushlinx 78 10月 28 09:53 crushlinx
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2304 10月 28 16:57 passwd
drwx------. 3 room room 78 4月 11 2018 room

8：执行输出：

我们在用playbook进行ansible模块操作的时候，并没有命令的执行结果输出，默认被隐藏了，可以通过refister模块追加命令输出的结果

[root@ansible ~]# vim /etc/ansible/test.yml

---
- hosts: test01
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: adduser
      user: name=user2 state=present
      register: print_result
      tags:
        - testaaa
    - debug: var=print_result
    - name: addgroup
      group: name=root system=yes
      tags:
        - testbbb

    - debug: var=print_result
- hosts: test02
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: xxx
      copy: src=/etc/passwd dest=/home
      tags:
        - testccc
...

[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/test.yml 

PLAY [test01] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [adduser] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114] => {
    "print_result": {
        "append": false, 
        "changed": false, 
        "comment": "", 
        "Failed": false, 
        "group": 1001, 
        "home": "/home/user2", 
        "move_home": false, 
        "name": "user2", 
        "shell": "/bin/bash", 
        "state": "present", 
        "uid": 1001
    }
}

TASK [addgroup] *************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.114] => {
    "print_result": {
        "append": false, 
        "changed": false, 
        "comment": "", 
        "Failed": false, 
        "group": 1001, 
        "home": "/home/user2", 
        "move_home": false, 
        "name": "user2", 
        "shell": "/bin/bash", 
        "state": "present", 
        "uid": 1001
    }
}

PLAY [test02] ***************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.115]

TASK [xxx] ******************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.200.115]

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.200.114            : ok=5    changed=0    unreachable=0    Failed=0   
192.168.200.115            : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    Failed=0  

2：触发器：

hanglers触发器的使用示例如下：