1. 报错环境描述：RHEL7下，在删除了以MariaDB-compat方式安装的mariadb后，再新装数据库无法启动，相关报错与问题信息如下：
210109 14:39:15 MysqLd_safe MysqLd from pid file /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid ended 210109 14:40:37 MysqLd_safe Starting MysqLd daemon with databases from /var/lib/MysqL 210109 14:40:37 [Note] /usr/libexec/MysqLd (MysqLd 5.5.68-MariaDB) starting as process 3044 ... 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.7 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool InnoDB: Error: checksum mismatch in data file ./ibdata1 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: Could not open or create data files. 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: If you tried to add new data files, and it Failed here, 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: you should Now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: in this Failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not 210109 14:40:37 InnoDB: remove old data files which contain your precIoUs data! 210109 14:40:37 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 210109 14:40:37 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE Failed. 210109 14:40:37 [Note] Plugin 'FeedBACK' is disabled. 210109 14:40:37 [ERROR] UnkNown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB 210109 14:40:37 [ERROR] Aborting
可以在报错信息中看到InnoDB相关的错误：checksum mismatch in data file ./ibdata1
原因即为 ibdata1 文件的校验和不匹配
将 /var/lib/MysqL/ 目录下的 ibdata1，ib_logfile0，ib_logfile1 几个文件修改文件名后再次尝试启动mariadb成功，服务正常启动后，自动产生了新的文件。
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