SQLserver 语句总结

修改数据库定序：

   语法：ALTER DATABASE "&Database Name&"SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
       ALTER DATABASE "&Database Name&" COLLATE "&定序名称&"
       ALTER DATABASE "&Database Name&"SET MULTI_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

  如：ALTER DATABASE SODDB SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
     ALTER DATABASE SODDB COLLATE Chinese_Taiwan_stroke_CI_AI
     ALTER DATABASE SODDB SET MULTI_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
修改资料库栏位定序：

   语法：Alter Table "&TableName &"Alter Column "&ColumnName&" "&ColumnType&"

   如：Alter Table SODM87 Alter Column COMP_ID char(10) COLLATE Chinese_Taiwan_stroke_CI_AS NULL

变动资料库中的栏位:

     添加栏位

        语法： ALTER TABLE "&TableName&" ADD "&ColumnName&" DataType

        如： ALTER TABLE SODM87 ADD CLASSNO_SDATE CHAR(9) NOT NULL  DEFAULT(' ')

     修改栏位类型

        语法：ALTER TABLE "&TableName&" ALTER COLUMN  "&ColumnName&" NewDataType、

        如：ALTER TABLE SODM87 ALTER COLUMN APPLY_NAME Varchar(10)  NULL

    修改栏位名称

       语法：EXEC SP_RENAME 'TableName.ColumnName','NewColumnName','COLUMN'

       如：将SODM87的栏位名称APPLY_NAME修改为APPLY_ID,

      语句为：EXEC SP_RENAME SODM87.APPLY_NAME','APPLY_ID','COLUMN'

    修改栏位名称和类型

      如果同时修改栏位名称和类型，则需要分两步进行，同时使用如上3、4两步即可。

    删除栏位

      语法：ALTER TABLE "&TableName&" DROP COLUMN "&ColumnName&"

      如：ALTER TABLE SODM87 DROP COLUMN CLASSNO_SDATE

    添加索引

       语法：CREATE  INDEX [索引名称] ON "&TableName&" (索引建) ON [PRIMARY]

       如：CREATE  INDEX [IDX_MAIN_CNO_CODE] ON [dbo].[ SODM87]([MAIN_CNO_CODE]) ON [PRIMARY]

    添加主键

       语法：ALTER Table "&TableName&" ADD CONSTRAINT"&PK Name&" PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (构成主键栏位组合 ) ON [PRIMARY]

       如：ALTER TABLE [PM048TB] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_PM048TB] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
             (
               [USER_CODE] ASC,
               [LOG_DATE] ASC,
               [PROJ_CODE] ASC,
               [TASK_KIND] ASC,
               [TASK_CODE] ASC
             ) ON [PRIMARY]

    删除主键

       语法：ALTER TABLE "&Table Name&"DROP CONSTRAINT "&PK Name&"

       如：IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysindexes WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[PM048TB]') AND name = N'PK_PM048TB')
        ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PM048TB] DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_PM048TB]

    修改table的主键

        先删除当前主键，再添加主键

    数据库还原

       语法：USE MASTER
                RESTORE DATABASE 数据库名称 FROM disK=档案位置

                with replace;

       如：USE MASTER
             RESTORE DATABASE APWCDB FROM disK='C:\APWCDB.BAK'
             with replace;

     数据库重命名

          语法：EXEC sp_dboption 'DatabaseName','Single User','TRUE'
                   EXEC sp_renamedb 'DatabaseName','NewDatabaseName'
                   EXEC sp_dboption 'NewDatabaseName','FALSE'

          如：将MCTA改名为MCTADB
                  EXEC sp_dboption 'MCTA','TRUE'
                  EXEC sp_renamedb 'MCTA','MCTADB'
                  EXEC sp_dboption 'MCTADB','FALSE'

      多table的删除

            语法：DELETE FROM TableA
                    FROM TableA TA INNER JOIN TableB TB
                    ON TA.KEY_1=TB.KEY_1 AND TA.KEY_2=TB.KEY_2 AND TA.KEY_3=TB.KEY_3

       用TableA中资料更新TableB中资料

           UPDATE TableA SET TEMP_A=B.TEMP_B,NOTE_A=B.NOTE_B
           FROM TableB TB 
           WHERE TableA.KEY_1=TB.KEY_1 AND TableA.KEY_2=TB.KEY_2 AND TableA.KEY_3=TB.KEY_3
           AND ……(其它条件)

       链接两台数据库

          语法：EXEC master.dbo.addlinkedserver @server=N'DB別名',@provider=N'sqlNCLI',@provstr=N'DRIVER={sql Server};

                   SERVER=远端db机器名称或者IPP;UID=访问ID;PWD=访问密码;'

          如：EXEC master.dbo.addlinkedserver @server=N'DB_20',@provstr=N'DRIVER={sql Server};SERVER=192.168.1.30;UID=sa;PWD=sa;'