sqlserver 行列互转

--行列互转

/******************************************************************************************************************************************************

以学生成绩为例子，比较形象易懂

 

整理人：中国风(Roy)

 

日期:2008.06.06

******************************************************************************************************************************************************/

 

--1、行互列

--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據

  

if  not  object_id( 'Class' )  is  null

     drop  table  Class

Go

Create  Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[Course] nvarchar(2),[score]  int )

Insert  Class

select  N '张三' ,N '语文' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,78  union  all

'数学' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,87  all

'英语' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,82  all

'物理' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,90  all

'李四' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,65  all

all

all

Go

--2000方法:

动态:

 

declare  @s nvarchar(4000)

set  @s= ''

Select     @s=@s+ ',' +quotename([Course])+ '=max(case when [Course]=' +quotename([Course], '' '' )+ ' then [score] else 0 end)'

from  Class  group  by [Course]

exec ( 'select [Student]' +@s+ ' from Class group by [Student]' )

 

 

生成静态:

 

select 

     [Student],

[数学]= max ( case  when  [Course]= '数学'  then  [score]  else  0  end ),

[物理]= '物理'  sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,

[英语]= '英语'  sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,

[语文]= '语文'  ) 

from 

Class 

by  [Student]

 

GO

动态:

 

@s nvarchar(4000)

@s= isnull (@s+ )+quotename([Course])  [Course]

'select * from Class pivot (max([score]) for [Course] in(' '))b' )

 

生成静态:

* 

from 

Class 

pivot 

( ([score])  for  [Course]  in ([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b

 

生成格式:

/*

Student 数学          物理          英语          语文

------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------

李四      77          85          65          65

张三      87          90          82          78

 

(2 行受影响)

*/

 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

go

--加上总成绩(学科平均分)

 

--2000方法:

动态:

 

@s nvarchar(4000)

''

' then [score] else 0 end)'

[Course]

score])  from Class group by [Student]' ) --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([score]))

 

生成动态:

 

select 

[总成绩]= sum ([score])  --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([score]))

from 

Class 

[Student]

 

go

 

--2005方法:

 

动态:

 

@s nvarchar(4000)

[Course]  --isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号

'select [Student],[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a 

pivot (max([score]) for [Course] in(' '))b ' )

 

生成静态:

 

select 

from 

*,[总成绩]= ([score])over(partition  [Student])  Class) a  --平均分时用avg([score])

pivot 

 

生成格式:

 

/*

Student 数学          物理          英语          语文          总成绩

------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------

李四      77          85          65          65          292

张三      87          90          82          78          337

 

(2 行受影响)

*/

 

go

 

--2、列转行

--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據

  

null

Class

Go

sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[物理]  sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[英语]  sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[语文]  )

Class

all

Go

 

--2000:

 

动态:

 

@s nvarchar(4000)

@s= ' union all ' sql plain" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[Course]=' +quotename( Name --isnull(@s+' union all ','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个union all

+ sql string" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[score]=' ' from Class'

syscolumns  where  ID=object_id( )  and  Name  not  'Student' --排除不转换的列

order  Colid

'select * from (' ')t order by [Student],[Course]' --增加一个排序

 

生成静态:

* 

sql string" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[score]=[数学]  all 

score]=[物理]  all 

score]=[英语]  all 

score]=[语文]  Class)t 

 

go

--2005:

 

动态:

 

@s nvarchar(4000)

)+quotename( )

) 

Colid

'select Student,[Course],[score] from Class unpivot ([score] for [Course] in(' )

 

go

select 

Student,[score] 

from 

Class 

unpivot 

([score]  sql keyword" style="list-style:none; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; outline:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,[语文]))b

 

生成格式:

/*

Student Course score

------- ------- -----------

李四      数学      77

李四      物理      85

李四      英语      65

李四      语文      65

张三      数学      87

张三      物理      90

张三      英语      82

张三      语文      78

 

(8 行受影响)

*/