asp.net-mvc – ASP.NET Core TestServer为Razor视图生成HTTP 500

当我使用TestServer调用MVC端点来检查视图呈现时,它会导致HTTP 500内部服务器错误响应.

错误是：

An error occurred during the compilation of a resource required to process this request. Please review the following specific error details and modify your source code appropriately.

/CustomSubfolder/Views/_ViewImports.cshtml

One or more compilation references are missing. Possible causes include a missing ‘preserveCompilationContext’ property under ‘buildOptions’ in the application’s project.json.

The type or namespace name ‘MyNamespace’ does not exist in the namespace
‘Company.App’ (are you missing an assembly reference?)

测试代码：

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MvcProject.Tests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class ControllerTests
    {
        protected TestServer Server { get; }
        protected HttpClient Client { get; }

        public ControllerTests()
        {
            Server = new TestServer(new WebHostBuilder()
                .UseContentRoot("../../../../MvcProject")
                .UseStartup<Startup>());
            Client = Server.CreateClient();
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public async Task Action_Valid_Renders()
        {
            HttpResponseMessage response = await Client.GetAsync("http://localhost/");

            Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.OK,response.StatusCode);
        }
    }
}

我正在使用面向.NET Framework 4.6.1的ASP.NET Core 1.1,我的MSTest .csproj文件如下所示：

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net461</TargetFramework>
    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <packagereference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost" Version="1.1.3" />
    <packagereference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="15.3.0" />
    <packagereference Include="MSTest.TestAdapter" Version="1.1.18" />
    <packagereference Include="MSTest.TestFramework" Version="1.1.18" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\MvcProject\MvcProject.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

解决方法

正如 https://github.com/aspnet/Razor/issues/1212中所解释的,问题是Razor视图编译所需的.deps.json文件不会自动复制到测试项目的输出中.

您可以将以下手动构建步骤添加到测试项目以解决该问题.

<!--
    Work around https://github.com/NuGet/Home/issues/4412. MVC uses DependencyContext.Load() which looks next to a .dll
    for a .deps.json. @R_422_4045@ion isn't available elsewhere. Need the .deps.json file for all web site applications.
  -->
  <Target Name="copyDepsFiles" AfterTargets="Build" Condition="'$(TargetFramework)'!=''">
    <ItemGroup>
      <DepsFilePaths Include="$([System.IO.Path]::ChangeExtension('%(_ResolvedProjectReferencePaths.FullPath)','.deps.json'))" />
    </ItemGroup>
    <copy SourceFiles="%(DepsFilePaths.FullPath)" DestinationFolder="$(OutputPath)" Condition="Exists('%(DepsFilePaths.FullPath)')" />
  </Target>