PostgreSQL 使用psql插入参数到sql脚本文件中

1. 数据

postgres=# select * from tb1;
 id  | name 
-----+------
   2 | aa
   3 | aa
   4 | aa
   7 | aa
   8 | aa
   9 | aa
  10 | aa
   1 | cc
   5 | cc
   6 | cc
 100 | vv
(11 rows)

2. 准备sql脚本文件

vi test.sql

写入 select * from tb1 where id=:id; (:+变量名)

保存。

3. 使用psql命令执行sql脚本

[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql postgres postgres -v id=1 -f /home/postgres/test.sql 
 id | name ----+------
 1 | cc
(1 row)

[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql postgres postgres -v id=2 -f /home/postgres/test.sql 
 id | name ----+------
 2 | aa
(1 row)

4. psql命令使用-c 调用\i命令

[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql postgres postgres -v id=2 -c '\i /home/postgres/test.sql '
 id | name ----+------
 2 | aa
(1 row)

5. psql使用文档

[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql --help
psql is the Postgresql interactive terminal.

Usage:
  psql [OPTION]... [dbnAME [USERNAME]]

General options:
  -c,--command=COMMAND run only single command (sql or internal) and exit
  -d,--dbname=dbnAME database name to connect to (default: "postgres")
  -f,--file=FILENAME execute commands from file,then exit
  -l,--list list available databases,then exit
  -v,--set=,--variable=NAME=VALUE
                           set psql variable NAME to VALUE -V,--version output version @R_684_4045@ion,then exit -X,--no-psqlrc do not read startup file (~/.psqlrc) -1 ("one"),--single-transaction execute as a single transaction (if non-interactive) -?,--help show this help,then exit Input and output options: -a,--echo-all echo all input from script -e,--echo-queries echo commands sent to server -E,--echo-hidden display queries that internal commands generate -L,--log-file=FILENAME send session log to file -n,--no-readline disable enhanced command line editing (readline) -o,--output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe) -q,--quiet run quietly (no messages,only query output) -s,--single-step single-step mode (confirm each query) -S,--single-line single-line mode (end of line terminates sql command) Output format options: -A,--no-align unaligned table output mode -F,--field-separator=STRING set field separator (default: "|") -H,--html HTML table output mode -P,--pset=VAR[=ARG] set printing option VAR to ARG (see \pset command) -R,--record-separator=STRING set record separator (default: newline) -t,--tuples-only print rows only -T,--table-attr=TEXT set HTML table tag attributes (e.g.,width,border) -x,--expanded turn on expanded table output -z,--field-separator-zero set field separator to zero byte -0,--record-separator-zero set record separator to zero byte Connection options: -h,--host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory (default: "/usr/local/postgres-9.3.5/data") -p,--port=PORT database server port (default: "5432") -U,--username=USERNAME database user name (default: "postgres") -w,--no-password never prompt for password -W,--password force password prompt (should happen automatically) For more @R_684_4045@ion,type "\?" (for internal commands) or "\help" (for sql commands) from within psql,or consult the psql section in the Postgresql documentation.

参考：http://francs3.blog.163.com/blog/static/40576727201342834353302/