postgis学习笔记

1.将.shp格式数据代入数据库postgis 中:

shp2pgsql -W"GBK" f:\XianCh_point.shp ccvv >f:\ccvv.sql

psql -d postgis -f f:\ccvv.sql postgres

表名称：ccvv

数据库名字：postgis

角色名：postgres

2.创建表空间数据库用户在pgAdmin中可设置。

1）create tablespace dhsdpgis_tp owner postgres location ‘d:\’

2）crate database dhsdpgis_db owner postgres TABLESPACE dhsdpgis_tp;

3）createuser -U postgres - P Allen

3进入数据库 cd D:\Postgresql\9.2\bin

D:\Postgresql\9.2\bin psql �d postgis postgres

创建空间表

CREATE TABLE ROADS ( ID int4,ROAD_NAME varchar(25),geom. geometry(LInesTRING,4326) );

1.插入一列（线）

ALTER TABLE roads ADD COLUMN geom2 geometry(LInesTRINGZ,4326); 
   

SELECT AddGeometryColumn( 'roads','geom',423,'LInesTRING',2);

2.('MULTIpolyGON')

CREATE TABLE parks (

 park_id INTEGER,

 park_name VARCHAR,

 park_date DATE,

 park_type VARCHAR

);

SELECT AddGeometryColumn(‘模式’,'parks','park_geom',128,'MULTIpolyGON',2 );

3. (GEOMETRY)

CREATE TABLE roads (

 road_id INTEGER,

 road_name VARCHAR

);

SELECT AddGeometryColumn( 'roads','roads_geom','GEOMETRY',3 );

4

CREATE TABLE pois_ny(gid SERIAL PRIMARY KEY

 ,poi_name text,cat varchar(20)

 ,geom geometry(POINT,4326) );

SELECT AddGeometryColumn('pois_ny','geom_2160',2160,'POINT',2,false);

添加点

String sql = "INSERT INTO business(名称,geom) VALUES('cccXXXXcc集团','POINT("+x+" "+y+")')";

修改点

String sql = "update " +table+ " set 名称 =' 东和盛达 2',geom =ST_GeomFromText('POINT(" +x+ " " +y+ ")') where gid = 4" ;

geometry ST_GeomFromText(text WKT);

geometry ST_GeomFromText(text WKT,integer srid);

ST_AsEWKT(geom)包含SRID ST_AsText(GEOM)不包含

5．

ST_GeomFromText('POINT(22 22)')将其转化为 geometry 类似010100000054B7AB482BB65D40D40D4D6BCEB64240

ST_AsText 转化为 类似POINT(22 22)

获取两个面 之间最短距离的点

ST_ClosestPoint （geometry g1,geometry g2 ） g2 到 g1 最近的点 该点在 g1 上

SELECT ST_AsText(

ST_ClosestPoint(ST_GeomFromText(’ polyGON((175 150,20 40,50 60,125 100,175 150))’),

ST_Buffer(ST_GeomFromText(’POINT(110 170)’),20)))

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(pt,line)

) AS cp_pt_line,ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(line,pt )) As cp_line_pt FROM (SELECT 'POINT(100 100)'::geometry As pt,'LInesTRING (20 80,98 190,110 180,50 75 )'::geometry As line) As foo ;

结果： POINT(100 100) | POINT(73.0769230769231 115.384615384615)

或者

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(ST_GeomFromText('LInesTRING (20 80,50 75 )'),ST_GeomFromText('POINT(100 100)') ) ) AS cp_pt_line FROM business;

结果："POINT(73.0769230769231 115.384615384615)"

ST_Contains(A,B) B 在 A 内

ST_Within(A,B) A 在 B 内

判断 A 是否被 B 包含 ST_Within(geometry A,geometry B)

判断 A 是否包含 B ST_Contains(geometry A,geometry B)
判断 A 是否覆盖 B ST_Covers(geometry A,geometry B)

SELECT ST_AsText(

ST_ShortestLine(’POINT(100 100) ’::geometry,’LInesTRING (20 80,98 -190,50 75 )’::geometry)) As sline;sline

-----------------

LInesTRING(100 100,73.0769230769231 -

115.384615384615)

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ShortestLine(ST_GeomFromText(’ polyGON((175 150,175150))’),ST_Buffer( -ST_GeomFromText(’POINT(110 170)’),20))) As slinewkt;

LInesTRING(140.752120669087 125.695053378061,121.111404660392 153.370607753949)

ST_DWithin(

ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('POINT(118.84839183778 37.4231344123688)',4326),2383),

ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('MULTIpolyGON (((118.853945599439 37.4229670850174,118.8658 37.4225250432923,118.853278523793 37.4326615750288,118.853476307826 37.4231018594778,118.853945599439 37.4229670850174)))',

100

多边形查询 多边形内的所有点

SELECT gid,"名称",geom

FROM business where ST_Within(business.geom,

ST_GeomFromText('MULTIpolyGON (((118.853945599439 37.4229670850174,118.853945599439 37.4229670850174)))')

) ;

缓冲区查询：

String sql = "select *,ST_AsText(ST_Buffer(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('POINT(118.8665,37.420134)',4236),2500)) as BufferFeatures from business where ST_DWithin(ST_Transform(ST_SetSRID(geom,ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('POINT(118.8665,2500) ";

空间查询：

1.圆查：

String sql = "select *,gid,ST_GeometryType(geom),GeometryType(geom),ST_Area(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('MULTIpolyGON((("+geometry+")))',2383)) from "+layerName+" limit 1 ";

2.拉框查询：

String sql = "select *,ST_AsText(geom) as geometry,GeometryType(geom) as geometryType from " + layerName + " where ST_Within(geom,ST_GeomFromText('MULTIpolyGON(((" + geometry + ")))'))" ;