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silverlight中类的绑定讲解

我们之前一直讲的是控件的数据绑定,那么我们可不可以绑定一个类,让某个控件显示某个类的属性呢?答案是肯定的,因为我们的任何一个控件都是一个类,所以类的数据绑定跟控件的数据绑定是一样的。

OK,下面我先声明一个person类,它有两个属性,Name和Age。

代码如下:

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace dataBind
{
    public class person:DependencyObject
    {
       private string name;

        public string Name
        {
            get { return name; }
           set { name = value; }
        }

        private int age;

        public int Age
        {
           get { return name; }
           set { name = value; }
        }
       
    }
}

下面我托两个textBox,分别用来绑定person类的姓名跟年龄。

OK,为了能够让textBox绑定到person类的数据,首先我们得实例化这个类。

 person p = new person() { Name = "安亭",Age = 23 };

第二步,我们为textBox设置数据源:

private void button1_Click(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            textBox1.DataContext = p;
            textBox2.DataContext = p;
        }

 

下面第三步,修改前台XAML文件,设置textBox绑定到person的哪个属性

前台代码如下:

<navigation:Page x:Class="dataBind.bindClass"
           xmlns="
http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
           xmlns:x="
http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
           xmlns:d="
http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
           xmlns:mc="
http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
           mc:Ignorable="d"
           xmlns:navigation="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Navigation"
           d:DesignWidth="400" d:DesignHeight="200"
           Title="bindClass Page">
    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">
        <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="61,24,0" Name="textBlock1" Text="姓名:" VerticalAlignment="Top" />
        <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="100,0" Text="{Binding Name,Mode=TwoWay}" Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" />
        <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="98,79,0" Text="{Binding Age,Mode=TwoWay}" Name="textBox2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" />
        <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="58,81,0" Name="textBlock2" Text="年龄:" VerticalAlignment="Top" />
        <Button Content="显示" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="63,144,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button1_Click_1" />
        <Button Content="设置" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="left" Margin="152,0" Name="button2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" />
    </Grid>
</navigation:Page>

 

下面我修改textBox中的文本值,那么可以看到,它是双向绑定的:

 

这时候我设置person的姓名跟年龄,然后我再点显示,发现,并没有绑定过来。

 p.Name = "张三丰";
            p.Age = 108;
            MessageBox.Show("姓名:" + p.Name + "\n年龄:" + p.Age);

它还是显示的原来的值,那这是为什么呢?大家还记得先前DependencyObjec么?

Silverlight中的数据绑定对被绑定对象有特殊要求,如果只是普通的get、set属性的对象用在数据绑定上有很多问题(无法双向绑定),一般要求继承自DependencyObject。

既然如此,我们就需要做下面几步:

 //第一步,类必须继承自DependencyObject
//第二步,注册一个由ReadOnly修饰的DependencyProperty类型的静态字段,字段的名称一般要求为属性名+Property
        public static readonly DependencyProperty NameProperty =
              DependencyProperty.Register("Name",typeof(string),typeof(Person),null);//第一个参数:属性名,
第二个参数 属性的类型  第三个参数:属性所在类的类型 第四个: null
       
//第三步,定义用户使用属性

下面我们看一个比较完整的person类定义

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace dataBind
{
    public class person:DependencyObject
    {
       private string name;

        //public string Name
        //{
        //    get { return name; }
        //    set { name = value; }
        //}


        public string Name
        {
            get { return (string)GetValue(NameProperty); }
            set { SetValue(NameProperty,value); }
        }

        // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for Name.  This enables animation,styling,binding,etc...
        public static readonly DependencyProperty NameProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("Name",typeof(person),null );

       
        private int age;

        //public int Age
        //{
        //    get { return name; }
        //    set { name = value; }
        //}

        public int Age
        {
            get { return (int)GetValue(AgeProperty); }
            set { SetValue(AgeProperty,value); }
        }

        // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for Age.  This enables animation,etc...
        public static readonly DependencyProperty AgeProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("Age",typeof(int),null );

       
      
    }
}


我们的后台代码是:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Navigation;

namespace dataBind
{
    public partial class bindClass : Page
    {
        public bindClass()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        person p = new person() { Name = "安亭",Age = 23 };
        // 当用户导航到此页面时执行。
        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {

        }

      
        private void button1_Click_1(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            textBox1.DataContext = p;
            textBox2.DataContext = p;
            MessageBox.Show("姓名:" + p.Name + "\n年龄:" + p.Age);
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            p.Name = "张三丰";
            p.Age = 108;
            MessageBox.Show("姓名:" + p.Name + "\n年龄:" + p.Age);
        }

    } }

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